Factors known to be promoters of cast formation are:
Increased amount of certain proteins as Albumin, Myoglobin ,and Hemoglobin
Urinary stasis
Cellular debris
Low glomerular filtration ...
(A) – Cast Artifact
(B) – Real Hyaline Cast
Hyaline casts are formed in the absence of cells in the tubular lumen. They have a smooth hyaline cast texture and a refractive index very close to that of the surrounding fluid. Reduced ...
– Calcium oxalate: moderate
– Hyaline casts: 0 – 2/lpf
– Mucus: present
– White blood cells: 0 – 2/hpf
– Yeast: few