Haemophilus influenzae
Haemophilus influenzae is a non-motile Gram-negative, coccobacillary, facultatively anaerobic bacterium, and it’s Oxidase and Catalase postive.
It was mistakenly considered ...
False urine dipstick results duo to strong oxidizing agent
This patient had a Urinalysis, the dipstick results were as follow:
Glucose – 100 mg/dL
Bilirubin – neg
Ketone – neg
Specific Gravity – 1.010
Blood – ...
Erythrocytes and Granulocytes Functions
Erythrocyte:
Usually biconcave and circular outline, devoid of a nucleus. Number in man varies between 5 and 5.5 million per cubic mm of blood. Erythrocytes carry oxygen from ...
Neisseria gonorrhoeae in electron microscope
Neisseria gonorrhoeae diplococcus by electron microscope , notice capsule and many pili on surface , those pili enable the bacteria to adhere to human cells.
Hippuric Acid Crystals
Hippuric Acid crystals are rarely seen – yellow-brown or colorless elongated prisms or plates and maybe so thin to resemble needles and they often cluster together
it’s ...
Fungi Hyphae
hyphae (the plural from hypha) is a long, branching filamentous structure of a fungus and also found in Actinobacteria.
hyphae are collectively together called a mycelium
A ...
Ammonium biurate Crystals
Appearance:
Ammonium biurate crystals are yellowish-brown and can be seen in a “thorn apple” shape (round with thorny projections) or in spherical form.
Chemical ...
Platelet Clumping or Aggregation
the clump of platelets on peripheral blood smear are usually duo to poorly anticoagulated blood or In vitro artifact caused by EDTA or cold and leads to false low platelet count.
MegaKaryocyte Morphology
Megakaryocytes are among the largest cells in the bone marrow. The nuclei generally have multiple lobes, and the cytoplasm is granular. Occasionally platelets can be seen “budding” ...



